The Art of Communicating Through Images: A Classification of Persian Memes

Authors
Hosein Moghaddam 1
Ehsan Shahghasemi 2
1 PhD Student of Communication, University of Tehran, Tehran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Social Communication, University of Tehran
10.48311/eijh.2025.24137
Abstract
This paper presents a new taxonomy of memes based on a comprehensive analysis of the content, purpose, and discourse characteristics of memes in Persian cyberspace. The taxonomy identifies five main categories of memes: (1) Visually punctuated memes, which rely on wordplay and visual imagery to create humor, often employing juxtaposition, incongruity, or unexpected combinations of elements; (2) Culturally Allusive Memes which draw upon shared cultural knowledge, including historical references, literary allusions, or popular cultural tropes, to evoke humor and connect with a specific audience; (3) Socially Commentative Memes which use humor to critique or comment on social and political issues, often employing satire, irony, or exaggeration to highlight societal ills or promote social change; (4) Personally Anecdotal Memes which humorously share personal anecdotes or observations, often using relatable experiences to foster connection and shared understanding among viewers; and, (5) Hybrid Memes defy categorization and combine elements from different categories to create unique and creative expressions. This article also explores the role of memes in the meaning-making of internet humor in Persian cyberspace. Memes, this study shows, are a great way for Iranians to share humor, connect with others, and express their unique culture.

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The International Journal of Humanities
Volume 32, Issue 1
Spring 2025
Pages 34-61