The Aesthetics of Narrative Elements inmInteractive Films

Authors
1 MA Student of IRIB University, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Art and Architecture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, IRIB University, Tehran. Iran
Abstract
Films are generally more attractive than other forms of TV shows. Such attractiveness can be enhanced through Steerable plots where the audiences act not merely as passive spectators, but rather as active participants. The production of an interactive film requires a narrative structure based on which the plot can be written and expanded. This paper attempted to investigate and propose a new engaging narrative structural model that can be used in TV shows. Moreover, the new model can bring about cost-effectiveness for producers and filmmakers, while enabling the audience to actively create a narrative, switching from one narrative line to another. A successful medium outlet in this competitive arena tends to attract a wider range of audience, leaving a far greater impact on the audience. This is in contrast to ordinary films entailing only one theme and effect. Dubbed as interactive narrative, the newly proposed model can both influence every narrative line and the viewer, which was called a hyper-structure impact in this paper. The final section will explore the experience of producing an interactive short film based on the newly proposed model.

Keywords

Subjects


[1] Ahmadi, B. (2015), The Text-Structure and Textual Interpretation, Tehran: MarkazPress, 17th Edition.
[2] Aqa'eeMeybodi, F., (2013),An Introduction into the Study of Narration and Narratology, Classical ancient Persian literature, Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies (IHCS) 4(2), 1-19.
[3] Arinbjarnar, M., Barber, H., Kudenko, D. (2009), ''A Critical Review of Interactive Drama Systems''. In: AISB'09 Symposium: AI & Games, Edinburgh, UK.
[4] Barthes, R., Duisit, L., (1975),An introduction to the structural analysis of narrative. New Literary History, Jan 6(2), Pp. 237-72.
[5] Ben-Shaul, N.S., (2008),Hyper-Narrative Interactive Cinema: Problems and Solutions. (Vol. 18).Rodopi.
[6] Bordwell, D., (2013),Narration in the Fiction Film, London: Routledge.
[7] Bordwell, D., (2006),The Way Hollywood Tells It: Story and Style in Modern Movies.Univ. of California Press.
[8] Bordwell, D., (2002), Film Futures. Sub-Stance.Jan 31(1), 88-104.
[9] Borges, JL., (1962), The Garden of Forking Paths,Collected Fictions. Pp. 119-28.
[10] Chatman, S.B., (1980),Story and Discourse: Narrative Structure in Fiction and Film. Cornell University Press (1980).
[11] Douglas, J.Y. (2001),The End of Book –or Book without End? Reading Interactive Narratives.University of Michigan Press.
[12] Khadish, P., (2013),Morphology of the Magical Legends of Iran, Tehran: Elmifarhangi Press.
[13] Koenitz, H. (2010), Towards a Theoretical Framework for Interactive Digital Narrative, ICIDS 2010, LNCS 6432, Springer, Berlin, 176-185 (2010).
[14] Martin, W. (1986),Recent Theories of Narrative, Cornell University Press.
[15] Ohadi, M. (2012),Narratology of Film and Television, IRIB University Press.
[16] Pezeshk, M.H. (1998),Narrative and Non-Narrative. Farabi Cinema Foundation(FCF) Press.
[17] Propp, V., (1968),Morphology of the Folktale. 2nd ed. Trans. Lawrence Scott. University of Texas Press, Austin
[18] ShafieeKadkani, M.R., (2012),Resurrection of Words: Discourses about Literary Theory of Russians Formalists, Tehran: Sokhan Press.
[19] Szilas, N., Marty, O., Réty, J-H., (2003), Authoring Highly Generative Interactive Drama. In: Virtual Storytelling. Using Virtual RealityTechnologies for Storytelling, Pp. 37-46.Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
[20] Szilas, N., Richle, U., Dumas, J.E., (2012), Structural Writing, A Design Principle for Interactive Drama. In: Interactive Storytelling, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 72-83
[21] Szilas, N., (2002), Structural Models for Interactive Drama. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Computational Semiotics for Games and New Media.
[22] Szilas, N., (2003),Intension: A Narrative Engine for Interactive Drama, In TIDSE’03, Technologies for Interactive Digital Storytelling and Entertainment, Darmstadt, Germany, 2003.
[23] Toolan, M., (2012),Narrative: A Critical Linguistic Introduction,London: Routledge.
[24] Todorov, T., (1966),Theory of Literature (Théorie de la literature). Seoul.
[25] Verdugo, R., Nussbaum, M., Corro, P., Nunnez, P. and Navarrete, P., (2011), : Interactive Films and Construction. ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications (TOMM), 7(4), 39-58.