Showing 5 results for Tehran.
Volume 4, Issue 4 (2-2024)
Abstract
Problem: Factors such as the change in the emotional connection of humans with the urban space, events and places, have led to the reduction of place attachment and the aggravation of its consequences in Tehran.
Target: In this research, analysis of key criteria affecting the use of color palettes as an important factor in the identification and improvement of the spatial attachment of urban spaces in Tehran has been considered.
authors try to redefine the importance and significance of the urban public arts event in urban spaces, identify the feasibility of performing street music in social environments. The green corridor of Shahrchai and the Khayyam Jonubi sidewalk of Urmia city have been studied.
Method: Interpretive Phenomenological Approach (IPA) is used as a qualitative approach, which aims to provide detailed reviews of the personal life experience of the color perception of the city, and the key criteria affecting the use of the palette. Color schemes are presented in spatial correlation in the framework of causal layered analysis (CLA). Due to the limitation of available samples, a targeted non-random sample was used to identify eleven people with conditions to identify and analyze the approaches and criteria.
Result: The findings of the research showed that the criteria of color preferences, spatial context, citizens' participation, mental image, color perception in the decision-making and urban management system are among the most important criteria affecting the subject of the research. The importance of using color in promoting attachment is influenced by the environmental context, which can lead to the observance of principles such as the presence of citizens in the context of participation. In order to improve the situation of spatial attachment in connection with the color palettes of Tehran metropolis, strategies have been presented in the fields of urban management and design, citizens' participation, and creativity and innovation.
Volume 5, Issue 3 (9-2019)
Abstract
Aims: Toxoplasmosis is a cosmopolitan zoonotic disease caused by an obligate apicomplexan intracellular parasite known as Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii). Recently, toxoplasmosis has been suggested as a risk factor for diabetes. Thus, the present study aimed to assess the association between T. gondii infection and two types of diabetes in Tehran, the capital of Iran.
Materials & Methods: In the current cross-sectional study, 98, 95, and 94 blood samples were collected from Type 1 and Type 2 diabetic and nondiabetic individuals, referring to Imam Sajad hospital from February to August 2018, respectively. Anti-T. gondii specific IgG and IgM antibodies were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Moreover, a structured demographic questionnaire was completed for each person.
Results: IgG antibody was found to be positive in 16.32 (16 of 98) and 57.89% (55 of 95) of patients with diabetes Type 1 and Type 2 and 17.02% (16 of 94) of nondiabetic individuals as controls, respectively. However, the prevalence of positive IgM antibody in these groups was determined as 2.04 (2 of 98), 6.32 (6 of 95), and 17.02 % (16 of 94), respectively.
Conclusion: This finding revealed that toxoplasmosis could be considered as a possible risk factor for diabetes Type 2, while no statistically significant association was found between T. gondii infection and diabetes Type 1. More research is required to be conducted in the future in order to better understand this association.
Volume 5, Issue 3 (9-2024)
Abstract
The problem of thermal comfort of users has long been the concern of architects and designers of residential spaces. In the traditional architecture of Iran, according to the climate of each region, the form, the placement of spaces and the design of open spaces are formed according to the climate of each region. In modern times, due to the increase in the population of cities and the increase in the need for residential spaces and traffic space, the issue of open and social spaces and its role in providing human comfort has been given less attention. Residential has become effective in providing thermal comfort to the residents. For this purpose, using the study of scientific texts, the components of urban form affecting the thermal comfort of urban open spaces were extracted in a hierarchy from texture to building, then ENVI-met software was used to simulate and analyze the design factors, and each of the blocks Residential houses with a certain height are simulated in the software. The results show that the nine isolated cubes provide better heat in the open space. The better performance of this arrangement in providing thermal comfort in the open space can be attributed to the distribution of building blocks, which prevents the creation of open spaces without large shadows inside the site. The shade created by the building blocks prevents the temperature from rising too much in the summer afternoon hours.
Volume 27, Issue 3 (10-2023)
Abstract
Tehran is one of the most polluted cities in the world. The air pollution is caused by different factors such as centralization, increased traffic and incorrect location of the spatial pattern, consumption of fossil fuels, lack of rules and regulations for limiting industrial areas and nonobservance to the environmental guidelines. Sometimes, these factors are intensified because of the climatic factors. The aim of this study is to identify the relationships between the residential urban factors and Tehran's air pollution and to determine the extent of their importance. The intended techniques found through radar data showed that the physical pattern and the consequences of the urban planning system are considered some of the effective structures in increasing the air pollution in Tehran. Hence, the correlation coefficient between the height environment of urban buildings and constructions (the third dimension of the city) and Tehran's air pollution was calculated to be 0.86. In other words, in the case of proper planning or with the possibility of modifying the structure of the height environment in city up to 86%, it is possible to adjust and control the air pollution. The results were in line with the spatial pattern of PM2.5 particles and carbon monoxide regarding urban land use, industries, commercial centers, transportation, organizations and health centers and had the highest coefficient of determination with the spatial pattern of Tehran' air pollution. Considering the traffic, the index had the highest correlation with the spatial pattern of PM2.5 particles. Meanwhile, in the dangerous and unhealthy parts of the spatial pattern, a large number of nodal points with little distances formed traffic channels. Thus, by identifying these channels and managing urban traffic, the air pollution can be controlled to a larger extent. It should be mentioned that because of the impossibility of decreasing or eliminating driving forces in the creation or intensification of the air pollution, the residential environment of Tehran can be directed toward an appropriate environmental pattern by changing or maintaining the structures and functions through a change in the patterns of macro-urban management and the urban planning models consistent with the human functions and spatial pattern.
Faezeh Borbori, Jamileh Tavakkoli-Nia,
Volume 31, Issue 3 (8-2024)
Abstract
Today’s urban life has encountered with a number of challenges especially in social and spatial arenas. Socio-economic inequalities, sometimes, emerges in the form of spatial inequality. Tehran, as a metropolis and capital, enjoys effective system with higher sensitivities in national system. The city, though, with a multi and complex system has brought a large population under its arena but at the same time it is considered imbalanced with continuous growth and development. In other words, Tehran, despite a role model for macro socio-economic system, suffers from spatial disparity and imbalanced services. One of the most obvious and sharp characteristics of Tehran is its north-south spatial inequality and polarization thanks to modernisation and its elements such as cars and emerging business districts. In the post-1979 Islamic revolution, the gap between rich and poor and spatial inequality in Tehran has widened despite the promise otherwise. Urban planners and sociologists in Iran have conflicting views about the spatial disparity where some call it a historical trend and nothing to do with the globalisation process whereas others think vice versa. To know whether or not Tehran can be called a global city, the current paper tries to illustrate old and new emerging inequality patterns in Tehran. For that matter, the theory of’ Global City (propounded by Saskia Sassen) has been analyzed based on spatial maps between 1996 and 2006.
