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According to the resource based attitude, the capabilities of information systems improve firms’ performance and competitive advantages through three ways: 1) inside-outside capabilities, 2) outside-inside capabilities and 3) spanning capabilities. Because of the importance of systematic study on the relationship between these capabilities and firms’ performance this paper was aimed at investigating this relationship using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP). We utilized the FAHP because of existing several indices, complexity of decisions and uncertainties that are intrinsically involved in the evaluation of these capabilities. The results imply that among the criteria, return on sales and cost of sold goods are two key criteria that facilitate firms’ success. Moreover, inside-outside capabilities regard a good stimulus for improving firms’ performance. Then, firms’ internal capabilities are more important in responding to market than outside-inside capabilities.

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    This study is aimed to design and examine a model for situational antecedents of IS/IT user satisfaction in administrative organizations. In this regard, questionnaires related to research variables were prepared and after ensuring the reliability and the content validity, were distributed among 379 employees as a sample. In order to test the hypotheses, first of all, measurement models were estimated and tested. Then, the data were fitted to structural equation. Results showed that all of situational factors, except IT Infrastructure of IS/IT, had positive meaningful effects on perceived ease of use in %99 confidence level. Moreover, perceived ease of use had a significant positive effect on user satisfaction. Among the situational factors examined, only task-technology fitted and technical support had a significant positive effect on perceived usefulness of information technology; however the significant effect of perceived usefulness on user satisfaction was not confirmed. Finally it was revealed that among mentioned situational factors, it is user involvement that has a direct positive effect on user satisfaction. Also, based on the result of the side-study, perceived usefulness of IT/IS has a moderating effect on the impact of IS/IT ease of use on user satisfaction.  

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Site-selection for schools in large cities such as Tehran is a complicated problem. A multiplicity of effective factors in locating schools and increase of urban living problems in Iarge cities manifests the necessity of the use of effective, advanced, and computerized methods for this purpose. The main objectives of this research to evaluate the pattern of spatial distribution of primary schools and to identify the bereaved zones of primary school and to them in the region 6 of Tehran. Attribute data were collected and stored using the available documents, and local data were collected and digitized using linear and digitizing maps in several layers. For each layer buffers were specified, then by giving weights for each buffer zone and their combination, spatial positions of the existing schools were analyzed. Finally, the optimum sites for establishment of new schools were proposed. Results of this research showed that the majority of educational buildings of primary schools are not located in suitable sites, and their sites do not conform with site-selection standards. The results of this research also showed that the use of GIS can be very useful for ananlysis and selection of schools sites.

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The purpose of this research was to study the factors affecting developing electronical human resource management. Research method was survey and statistical population included all managers and employees in university of Isfahan in 1393. Results showed that Organizational and ICT human resources factors have significant effect on developing e-HRM. In addition, there are significant effect between organizational factor components (top managers, organization communications and organization ICT components), environmental factor components (Socio-cultural and the private sector components), ICT human resources factor components (developing strategies component), components of designing e- HRM System factor (Information quality and system quality components) and development of e-HRM

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Management and optimal utilization of ecosystems need to identify their components and the relation and interactions between these components. The purpose of this research to determine the correlation between soil factors and vegetation parameters in a part of the Watershed rangelands in the Mazandaran province. The area of rangeland was about 2296 ha. For this purpose, 25 land units were selected by overlaying the slope, aspect and height maps using GIS as a foundation of sampling of vegetation and soil. Soil factors such as N, organic material, pH, EC, texture and structure were determined. Then plant cover parameters (canopy and density) measured for some species. Using statistic methods, correlations results showed that between soil factors and percentage of canopy cover and density in studied species identified, the effects of soil factors on studied species were not the same. EC, pH and clay were more effective on canopy and EC, clay, N and pH were more effective than the others on density of most of species. Also these relations differ with kind of vegetation. Also results showed that each plant species grows and lives in special edaphically condition that is different for others.

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This article while describing the problem and methodology of research and also reviewing briefely its theoretical basis, explains the proposed MISSQM1 moldel based on Genetic Algorithm and its major characteristics. These characteristeristics are: 1) Assurace of choice possivitity and near to optimum prioritizing of the quality measurement indexes of information systems services, 2) Providing the cooperation possibility of experts and professors in the process of defining the indexes, 3) Helping menagers to take the best or near the best decision about investing in the development of the quality of information systems services, proved by the use of analytical hierarchy process and genetic algorithm. The scientific use of the present research in the development of theoreticel basis of information systems is discussed and some suggestions are given for future researches.

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Holding companies differ in nature from commercial companies. Adopting a specific policy towards products and services, holding companies support and control their subsidiaries. Competition and strategic planning conceptually differ in companies and ordinary commercial companies owing to the fact that no two holding companies, which provide similar products and services can be found, even at the international level. Information systems strategic planning (ISSP) is accomplished to develop an orientation toward the investment in information and communications technologies that aligns with the strategic objectives of the organization. As mentioned earlier, due to the differences between parent companies and ordinary commercial companies with single- or multi-products/services in terms of strategic planning and competition, the information systems strategic planning process in holding companies follows quite different steps. This distinguishing nature leads us to take considerations into account in ISSP steps. Applying balanced scoredcard method, this article concentrates the limited resources of investment on the processes that fulfill an essential role in accomplishing the strategic objectives of holding companies.

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Information systems security (ISS) is a critical issue that organizations face world wide. Information systems security involves both technology and people (human factors). The focus in most researches on information systems’, security as a technical issue has dominated ISS researches and practices. Lately, a new paradigm is emerging, addressing it as a “people issue” and an “organizational issue”. In that paradigm, people are the weakest element in the information systems security. The present research takes a different perspective on ISS by focusing on “behavioral information security” and with considering the general lack of empirical research and the importance of information security to modern organizations, it presents a managerial framework for explore the role of human factors in ISS. Specifically the purpose of this research was to identify and model the critical managerial constructs that mostly influence the effectiveness of ISS. The methodology of this study combines both qualitative and quantitative research techniques. Through a qualitative technique and investigating the research literature, identified key constructs in information systems security were identified. Then developed mod was based on the effects of these constructs on the information systems’ security effectiveness. Then based on the research literature and scholars ideas, a questionnaire was developed and distributed in some organizations. The data obtained were analyzed with SPSS and LISREL software. The results of empirical analysis supported and validated the model.

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This study was based on the hypothesis that “Ecotourism is an important instrument in sustainable rural development and ecologically-based landscape planning approaches which take the objectives of socio-economic development and nature conservation have an effective role in this issue”. For this purpose, the necessity of ecologically-based landscape planning approaches in the planning and implementation of ecotourism activities and the importance of the views of related stakeholders in decision-making process have been established in this study. The field of study was grounded on subbasin and micro basin boundaries which take natural thresholds into consideration instead of administrative boundaries which contrast with natural thresholds. A total of 31 micro basins, consisting of 20 basins in the Kazandere basin of a total of 293 km² in the northwest of Turkey and 11 basin in the Pabuçdere basin, have been assessed. A 3-phased method was followed in the study. Firstly, the inventory and data base of the field were created on Geographic Information Systems medium and micro basins were determined. In the second phase, suitability analyses were carried out on the basis of the Ecotourism Opportunity Spectrum (ECOS) according to 6 basic components, 15 assessment factors, and 24 sub-criteria. In the third phase, the micro basins suitable for ecotourism potential were determined by creating a synthesis sheet on the field of study as a result of related analyses and assessments, and ecotourism oriented development strategies were developed by utilizing the rapid rural appraisal conducted in the area and visitor questionnaires as well.

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Petroleum industry of Iran has provided one of the best opportunities for employees, but occupational exposures leading to chronic diseases such as cancer are high in the field. Ministry of Petroleum has owned an organization, which covers the personnel with health insurance, called “Petroleum Industry Health Organization” (PIHO). PIHO and Health, Safety & Environment (HSE) units play significant roles in providing the employees with health services. However, there is lack of a unique system specifying occupational cancer control. Cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. On the other hand, negative impressions of cancer and heavy costs of patient’s treatment have forced the ministry to pay appropriate attention to this chronic disease. This paper aims to identify structure and design a framework for a system to occupational cancer control in Iranian petroleum industry. Due to the vast dynamic complexities (multi-dimension nature of cancer, joint exposures, and the delay between exposure and incidence) and behavioral complexities (various stakeholders and actors) in the problem, we have adopted Soft System Methodology (SSM) in order to study the current situation. We reached an agreement with the problem owner on a rich picture, CATWOE analysis, and a root definition on how this surveillance system would be considering the real world circumstances.The results were obtained through many sessions with problem stakeholders even with conflicting interests. The results revealed that it is necessary to make some changes in the actors’ information systems (occupational hygiene and medicine, hospitals and the ministry’s Pension Organization), with an emphasis on identifying and analyzing carcinogens and cancer patients in order to improve the problem situation.

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Information Systems (IS) and the process of distinguishing Information Systems ontology have been the center of challenge during the 50 years of IS development. The importance of this challenge is emergent in direct link between knowledge development process in IS and the IS ontology. In other words, theorizing and efforts to falsify theories, which have been developed, is influenced by the way IS ontology is approached. Critical realism enjoying the unique approach to the IS ontology based on transcendental realism and critical naturalism can be a useful basis to establish the transdisciplinary view in the process of IS knowledge development.   This point of view is important regarding the role of human agent in different layers of the IS ontology as a result of its transcendental ontology. Critical realism develops human role during next stages of knowledge and the methodology development based on the transdisciplinary view to IS. The explanation of a transdisciplinary view to the IS ontology regarding the unique role of human agent in the process of theorizing and knowledge development in Information Systems is presented in this article.

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Nowadays, along with using information systems as a competitive advantage in organizations, attention to creation and development of sustainable environment that organizations can achieve their goals without damaging the social, economic and environmental aspects of society, has become a vital issue about the future of ecosystems and society. Therefore, identification of necessary factors to improve the social, economic, and environmental aspects are of the beneficial and necessary solutions. Hence, the aim of this study is to recognize and examine factors affecting each of these aspects that information systems can play an important role in improving them for achieving the goals of sustainable development by using the qualitative and quantitative approaches. In the qualitative part the meta-synthesis approach was used to identify the factors and then factors were placed in the appropriate categories using experts' ideas. Then, in the quantitative part the Chi-square test was used to analyze the hypothesis and Friedman test was used to prioritize the concepts, dimensions and categories. Finally, 42 concepts and 12 main categories were identified. Based on results among major issues in the context of sustainable development, resource management is of paramount importance. Moreover, Environmental dimensions are more important than others.

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In this study, heavy metals (Cr, Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cd) contents of five Brassicaceae species grown in four different locations in Turkey were determined, mapped, and interpreted. Spatial analyses of the collected data were conducted in GIS, and thematic maps for average heavy metal accumulations including root, stem, and leaf of each species was developed. The biomonitoring potentials of species was assessed based on the statistical analyses results of the different localities. The heavy metal deposition characteristics of the plants showed differences. The most accumulated heavy metal was Zn, while Cd was the least accumulated. Capsella bursa-pastoris had the highest Cr and Cu accumulation compared to other species. Lepidium draba, on the other hand, accumulated Pb and Zn at most. Sisymbrium loeselii had the highest Cd accumulation compared to the other species. The results of the present study have indicated that Lepidium draba (Zn and Pb), Capsella bursa-pastoris (Cr and Cu) and Sisymbrium loeselii (Cd) can be safely used for biomonitoring studies.

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Today, human life has become increasingly like games, not just because games have become a big part of human life, but most of the activities, systems and services are game-based. Therefore, the main challenge for organizations in the current digital age is to use skill-based game systems to enhance employee motivation and learning. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the game-based capabilities of learning management systems (LMS). This research, in terms of purpose, is in the field of applied research and in terms of method, in the form of qualitative-quantitative research. In first, a number of seven capabilities were identified by studying theoretical background and empirical background and obtaining expert opinions. The statistical population of the study includes professors as well as administrators and experts. The number of ten of them were selected as sample members. Data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by content analysis method and its reliability by Kendall's coefficient. To analyze the data was used the CRITIC-COPRAS approach. The results show that among the four types of learning management system studied, iSpring LMS received the highest score. Finally, discussion and conclusions are presented.