---

Cultural area is a geographical area in which an approximately large of group with shared cultural characteristics are present. In the Islamic period, Nishabur city (the remains of which are located in the South East of the modern city of Nishabur), Balkh, Merv and Heart were the four quarters of Great Khorasan in the early centuries until the Mongol invasion, from which only Nishabur in Iran has remained. Based on the historical and geographical sources of the early and middle centuries of the Islamic period, Nishabur has had a broad cultural context, including twelve provinces, a dozen quarters, as well as several towns and villages. Buzhgan, as one of the easternmost twelve provinces of Nishabur, is located within Nilabad Plain, 17 km southeast of Torbatejam, and has been the result of interaction between climatic conditions and political, economic and social relations as in close association with the capital city of Nishabur in the first to seventh centuryies (AH). In this paper, the literature on Buzhgan has been dealt with using a historical analysis approach. The evaluation of written sources indicates the distinct political, economic and cultural role of Nishabur as the most important eastern province in the road from Nishabur to Heart. 

---

Iron Age is the most influential cultural periods of the components, cultures and features in the North East of Iran with a focus on Greater Khorasan province due to lack of studies, remains unknown and neglected.Before this study, little evidence of the culture of the period in Khorasan few and scattered archaeological survey and excavations showed cultural affinity with the culture obtained in the comparative approach Yaz and Dahistan in Central Asia.By studying the material culture of the Tighe Mohre in Neyshabur plain surface in the form of a systematic survey have been collected, a significant relationship with Yaz culture can be seen in the north-western Neyshabour plains.These similarities with the study, interpreted pottery and settlement patterns.This information along with data from other areas of lowland plains of Khorasan province, Nishapur plain and other basic framework for understanding the cultural elements of the Iron Age traditions.

---

The chaste love story of Qays ibn al-Mulawwah and Laila bint Mahdi in the Umayyad era is one of the famous love stories that has been widely reflected in Arabic, Persian, Turkish, Kurdish, etc. literatures. In this story, due to the excitement of love, Qays reveals the secret of his relationship with Laila, and this angers Laila's family and prevents their marriage. The story of Mam Alan is one of the Kurdish folk love stories in which Mam, the only son of the king of Yemen, loves Zin, the sister of Mir Zain al-Din, the ruler of the Jazir city, despite the wish of his parents, and the Baker devilish’s intrigues prevent them marriage. Ahmad Khani, organized this love story in his literary masterpiece entitled "Mam and Zin" and although he has been influenced by the folk tale "Mam Alan" in his poem, he completely transformed and re-created it. In this research, using the descriptive-analytical method and based on the American school of comparative literature, it is studied how the chaste love and its differences and similarities are reflected in the two mentioned works. The results of the research show that in both stories, the features of chaste love have appeared, with the difference that the end of Mam and Zin's story, unlike the story of Majnoon Laila, ends with a divine and true love. Based on this, the story of Majnoon Laila is just a love story, but Mam and Zin is a love and mystical story.
 

---

The burial process of the deceased is among the most tangible evidence for reconstruction and understanding the culture of human societies, which includes both material and spiritual dimensions. Study of material evidence in archaeological excavations can contribute to partial interpretation of ideological motifs. In this context, recognizing burial practices and interpretation of objects within the grave is a manifestation of human culture and philosophical ideas of the other world, customs, religious beliefs as well as social structure and complexity. There are a few studies in this field in cultural zone of Great Khorasan with strategic importance and proximity with several cultural zones around Great Khorasan Ancient Road, although archeological excavations in recent years have resulted in specific material evidence. This article includes structural study of burials in late Bronze Age with a comparative approach encompassing cenotaph, primary, secondary and common human-animal tombs as well as origin of burial cultures. Assessment of evidences indicates similarity of burial practices of Khorasan in late Bronze period with the advanced culture of BMAC in Central Asia, which has been documented in Afghanistan, Pakistan, South East Iran, Caucasus and south Persian Gulf littoral.