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We present a list of 25 Chrysididae species mainly captured at high altitudeson mountains of the Kerman province, Iran. Thenumerous records evidences the rich biodiversity present at high altitudes in Iranian mountainsup to an elevation of about 3000 m.The largest richness was observed in the 2100-2300m range. Elampus kashmirensis Nurse, 1902, Holopyga chrysonota appliata Linsenmaier, 1959, Chrysis quadrispina Buysson, 1887 and Chrysis sacrata Buysson, 1898 are new records for Iranian fauna.

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A 27 day study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of aqueous extracts of Hypericumperforatum on hemato-serological parameters and survival of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchusmikiss) under thermal stress (20 ± 2 ◦C). A total of 360 rainbow trout (97.2 ± 1.6g) were divided randomly into four groups and  immersed in different concentrations (0, 250, 500 and 750 ppm) (T0, T25, T50 and T75) of aqueous extracts of H. perforatum. The blood samples were collected on day 12 and 27 and hemato-serological parameters were determined. In stage 1, the total red blood cell, hemoglobin and hematocrit didn’t show a significant difference among controls and treatments but in stage 2, those parameters were significantly increased in T50 and T75 compared to T0 and T25.  The total white blood cell, lymphocytes, total protein, albumin, and total IgM showed a significant increase in treatments compared to control but the results in the neutrophils was opposit. The MCV and MCH didn’t significantly change in two stages but the MCHC of T75 were significantly higher than T0 and T25. The glucose of T50 and T75 were significantly lower than T0 and T25. The hepatic enzymes, ALT and AST of T75 significantly increased compared to other groups in stage2. The highest and lowest survival rates were observed in T50 and T0, respectively. Based on the results, it seems that Hypericumperforatum could control the effectsof stress and increase the survival rate of rainbow trout when exposed to chronic heat stress.

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This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of three binding agents, including corn starch, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and urea formaldehyde (UFA) (in diets containing 42% soybean meal) on growth performance, pellet water stability and chemical composition of Litopenaeus vannamei. Shrimps with an average initial weight of 0.73 g stored in polyethylene tanks and fed experimental diets for 52 days (four treatments and three replicates). Biometric measurements of shrimp were carried out in two periods of 15 and 21 days. At the end of experiment results showed that the average final weight of shrimp fed the UFA binder is significantly lower than other treatments (p<0.05). Specific growth rate at three sampling periods (p<0.05) and at the end of experimental (p<0.01) was significantly affected by the type of binder, with the lowest SGR in UFA and highest in shrimps were fed control diet. Statistical analysis showed that chemical body composition of shrimp was not significantly affected by dietary treatments. In general, according to the results of diet stability, growth performance and feed utilization as well as shrimp body composition, corn starch is a good binder for whiteleg shrimp feed.

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The growth performance, biomass and survival of the marine polychaete (Perinereis nuntia)reared on different sandy substrates were evaluated. For this purpose, larvae of P. nuntia with initial length of 1 cm were collected and cultured on 4 different sandy substrates for 4-month period. The tested sands were collected from Bandargah Beach (Bushehr provience) and graded by screenings to 4 substrates grain size of  <0.5, 0.5-2, 2-4 and  >4 mm with 4 replications. At the end of the experiment, the worms grown in the sandy bed of less than 0.5 mm had significantly higher final weight and specific growth rate (p<0.05) and worms grown in the sandy bed more than 4 mm had higher survival and biomass (p<0.05). In general, this study showed that using different sandy substrates had no significant effects on growth performance and survival of P.nuntia.

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Backgrounds: Due to the emergence of multidrug-resistant Candida species, the discovery of new antifungal agents with minimum side effects is essential. The aim of this study was to investigate the antifungal activity of caprylic acid and nano-encapsulated caprylic acid against C. albicans as well as their effect on the expression of EFG1 gene.
Materials & Methods: In this laboratory trial study, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of caprylic acid and nano-encapsulated caprylic acid against C. albicans was evaluated at various concentrations (400-625 and 1.3-50 μL/mL, respectively). Real time-PCR was performed to assess the expression level of EFG1 gene. Cytotoxicity effect of caprylic acid and nano-encapsulated caprylic acid was evaluated on SW480 cell line using MTT test.
Findings: Antifungal activity findings displayed that MIC90 and MIC50 values of caprylic acid were 500 and 450 μg/mL, respectively, whereas MIC90 and MIC50 values of nano-encapsulated caprylic acid were 6.2 and 3.1 μg/mL, respectively. The expression of EFG1 gene significantly decreased in the groups treated with caprylic acid and nano-encapsulated caprylic acid compared to the control group. According to the cytotoxicity evaluation findings, the viability of cells treated with caprylic acid was significantly higher than that of cells exposed to nano-encapsulated caprylic acid.
Conclusions: According to the obtained results, nano-encapsulated caprylic acid successfully inhibited C. albicans growth at a lower concentration compared to caprylic acid. Overall, it was found that nano-encapsulated caprylic acid is a promising antifungal agent against Candida species; however, further studies are needed to be performed about nano-encapsulation of caprylic acid.

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The current study assessed the effects of common herbicides produced by different companies on broadleaved and grass weed control and quantitative traits of irrigated wheat. A two-year experiment (2013-2014 and 2014-2015) was designed as an RCBD with three replications. Experimental treatments included two control treatments (weedy and weed-free) and 15 herbicides produced by three Iranian companies (Ghazal, Golsam-Gorgan, and Gyah) and three international companies (BASF, Nufarm, and Syngenta). The results showed that H13 (bromoxynil + MCPA from BASF tank-mixed with clodinafop propargyl from Golsam Gorgan) and H14 (bromoxynil + MCPA from BASF tank mixed with clodinafop propargyl from Ghazal) treatments in 2014 and H5 (tribenuron methyl from Gyah) and H9 (clodinafop propargyl tank-mixed with tribenuron methyl from Golsam Gorgan) in 2015 almost completely controlled broadleaved and grass weeds. In 2014, H4 (2,4-D + MCPA from Nufarm) and H13 treatments with the averages of 7505 and 7338 kg ha^-1 ranked first and second in grain yield, while H9 and H12 (bromoxynil + MCPA from BASF tank-mixed with clodinafop propargyl from Gyah) with the averages of 7966 and 7917 kg ha^-1 were known as superior treatments in 2015. Averaged by years, the grain yield was 3185 kg ha^-1 at weedy treatment (H17). Although there were no significant differences between herbicides, the grain yield (averaged by years and herbicides) was boosted by 88% compared with the weedy treatment. It was concluded that more rainfall and desirable air temperature positively affected the efficacy of the herbicides.
 

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The purpose of this research is to analysis the attention to the audience in interdisciplinary studies in the field of children’s literature and suggest criteria for future research. In order to achieve this goal, the position of the audience has been described and analyzed in the structural elements of the research, including: purpose, components, method, and sample. Using Synthesis Research, 38 interdisciplinary research papers, including scientific articles and senior and doctoral dissertations, were selected and then their research structural elements were extracted and analyzed in descriptive tables. Based on the findings, three main goals were considered in these studies: Frequency, Representation, and Component Comparison. The studied components also fall into three areas of knowledge: psychology and education, sociology and culture, and ethics and religion. the number of components in the field of psychology and education is more than the other two. The research methodology of all studies was a content analysis method, and the sample of all of them was the child books, which was determined according to five criteria: year of publication and age group, author's name or particular book, type of story, specific subject, and selected books. Among them, the first criterion has been most widely used. Finally this study outlines the critical areas of research on children’s literature and identifies areas of further research.

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Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) is an important industrial crop and its seeds contain significant amounts of oil. The extraction of oil components using solvent at high pressure, or supercritical fluid (SCF), has received much attention. In the present study, statistical analyses showed that the average extraction yield of seed oil of five tobacco varieties using SFE was 9.33%, which was higher than Sonication (7.75%) and DGF (Deutsche Gesellschaft f_r Fettwissenschaft) standard method B-I5(87) (8.48%), but lower than Soxhlet (13.72%). Also, fatty acids profile of each extracted oil was determined by gas chromatography. Various saturated and unsaturated fatty acids such as lauric (C12:0), myristic (C14:0), palmitic (C16:0), palmitoleic (C16:1), stearic (C18:0), oleic (C18:1), linoleic (C18:2), linolenic (C18:3) and eicosanoic (C20:0) acids were observed in the extracted oils.

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The aim of this study was to identify the effect of oral storytelling and reading on the characteristics of narratives of preschool girl children. For this purpose, 24 pre-school girl students were selected as the sample of the study using a pretest-posttest research design with unequal groups. The subjects were randomly assigned into two groups through TOLD (Hamil & Newcomer, 1997): For the first group, the folk tale "Crow and the Farmer", from the series of Mohtadi Morning Tales (2008), was presented orally and for the second group, the same story was presented in the form of Parde-khani [illustrated storytelling]. In the post-test phase, each child's recounted narratives were recorded and transcribed. Narratives in both groups were analyzed based on the frequency of story elements, the sequence of these elements, the relative frequency of the grammatical elements, the length of the narrative in terms of number of sentences and words, as well as the consistency of the narratives with the main narrative in three dimensions: deletion, addition, and inaccuracy. Based on the results of the content analysis, the lengths of narratives (number of words and sentences) and relative frequency of grammatical elements in the recounted narratives of children were significantly higher in the oral storytelling group than the reading group. But the frequency and sequence of story elements and narrative adaptation were not significantly different.
Introduction
Communicating in human societies, regardless of age, requires an understanding of environmental events and happenings. In this regard, every human perception of events is not similar to other human beings, and every human being has his/her own narratives that, in addition to communication, also know the environment around him/her. According to the theories of narration and storytelling and in-depth research in the field of children's narrative, how stories and storytelling methods work is a question that can guide child-centered research in the field.
But so far in research conducted in Iran, this issue has not been considered. Therefore, it can be concluded that stories have an impact on teaching, learning, comprehension and skills development. However, children's narratives and the structure of these narratives as a dependent variable have not been studied; while the stories of children of different ages can be analyzed.
In this research, the issue is how children understand the stories that are presented orally as well as in the form of Parde-khani [illustrated storytelling]. In other words, how do these two methods of storytelling affect children's narratives? Therefore, the present study was conducted to identify the effect of oral storytelling and Parde-khani on the characteristics of retold narratives of preschool girls.
Background Research
It must be acknowledged that when a narrative is told in the form of a story, it is, in fact, a two-way creation time. The narrator and the listener work together to create a world based on words and imagination. Storytelling is a cross-linguistic event that encompasses all the features of narrative and can therefore be considered as a common means of getting to know the culture of any society. Stories form the basis of many children's educational experiences in all cultures, and all societies have stories that introduce their members to a set of experiences, expectations, and values.
Narrative and storytelling skills underlie many forms of discourse and communication (Heath, 1986). There are many types of storytelling, including oral storytelling, Parde-khani, drama, and puppetry. In this regard, Banafshe (2010) examined the effect of storytelling and story reading on listening comprehension and concluded that both methods have a positive effect on listening comprehension. Ukrainetz and Gillam (2009) also studied the narratives of children with language disorders in a study and showed that the accurate narration of narratives is sensitive to differences in age and language level and children with language disorders even to provide abstracts and orientation and evaluation do not show significant performance. In another study, Ukrainetz et al. (2005) analyzed the development of details of storytelling in school-age children, and examined three age groups: 5 to 6 years, 7 to 9 years, and 10 to 12 years. , Has a significant effect on the expansion and length of narratives.
Methods
In order to identify the effect of oral storytelling and Parde-khani on the characteristics of children's retold narratives, a pre-experimental post-test research design with unequal groups was used. For this purpose, 24 preschool female novices were selected as the research sample. The subjects were randomly assigned to two groups by performing the Language Development Test (TOLD) (Hammill and Newcomer, 1997). For the first group, the folk tale "The Crow and the Farmer" from the collection of Sobhi Mohtadi's oral stories was read orally and in the second group, the same story was presented by Parde-khani. In the post-test phase, each child's recounted narratives were recorded and written. Narratives in both groups in terms of the frequency of story elements, the sequence of these elements, the relative frequency of connecting grammatical elements, the length of the narrative in terms of number of sentences and words and also the adaptation of narratives to the main narrative in three dimensions of deletion, addition and inaccuracy was examined.
Results
According to the results of this study, the frequency of narrative elements according to the Labov's model, in the retold narratives of children in the group of oral storytelling was more than reading the screen. But this difference was not statistically significant according to the results of Chi-square test. Also, the degree of observance of narrative verses with a difference in the reading group was more than oral storytelling. But according to the result of chi-square test, this difference is not significant. Comparison of the frequency of connecting grammatical elements in the two groups of storytelling and Parde-khani also showed that the relative frequency of using these elements in children's narratives in the group of oral storytelling is higher than the group of Parde-khani and this difference is statistically meaningful. In addition, the length of the narratives in terms of the number of sentences and words in the group of oral storytelling was longer than Parde-khani. Finally, the general adaptation of children's retold narratives to the main storytelling narrative in the oral storytelling group is greater than Parde-khani, although this difference is not statistically significant. Based on this, it can be concluded that oral storytelling is an important method in developing verbal skills and increasing the child's understanding and concentration in education, and the child in this type of storytelling can have a more complete narrative in terms of length. Both methods can be used to improve the quality of narratives in terms of using narrative elements and making children interested in telling complete and sequential stories. Given the above results, it seems that storytelling in this way gives the child the opportunity to express his / her evaluations of the events of the story, and this increases the use of more words and sentences by the child. While in Parde-khani, the images are expressive, so its use reduces the child's imagination and the child chooses his/her sentences simpler and shorter with the idea that the listener will understand what s/he means by the images.
Conclusion
Based on the results of the content analysis method, the length of narrations (number of words and sentences) and the relative frequency of connecting grammatical elements in children's narratives in the oral storytelling group were significantly higher than Parde-khani group. But the frequency and sequence of story elements and the degree of adaptation of the narrative did not differ significantly between the two groups. Since the difference in sequence observance between the two groups of oral storytelling and Parde-khani is very small and also this difference is not statistically significant, it is inferred that in both methods of storytelling, the child is able to understand and express key events and the overall atmosphere that governs it in a sequence.
References
Banafshe, L. (2010). Barresi Miza̅ne T ̕ asir Qesegu ̕ i va Qesekha̅ni bar Dark-e Matlab-e Shenida̅ri. Daneshkade-e Adabiya̅t va Zaba̅nhae-e Khareji, Daneshgah-e Allame Tabataba ̕ i. [in Persian]
Heath,Sh. (1986). Taking a cross-cultural look at narratives. Topics in Language Disorders 7(1), 84-94. Aspan Publisher, Inc.
Ukrainetz, T., & Gillam, R.B. (2009). The expressive elaboration of imaginative narratives by children with specific language Impairment. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, Vol. 52, 883–898.
Ukrainetz, T.,Justice, L., Kaderavek, J., Eisenberg, S., & Gillam, R. (2005). The development of expressive elaboration in fictional narratives. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research. 48, 1363–137.
Hammill , D. & Newcomer , PH.(1997) . A̅muzesh-e Roshd-e Zaba̅n , Sa ̕ id Hasanza̅deh & Asghar Mina ̕ i .Tehran : Paguheshga̅h-e Mota̅lea̅t-e A̅muzesh va Parvaresh . [in Persian].

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Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have emerged as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) due to their high porosity and adjustable structure, serving as drug carriers and new contrast agents in biomedicine. Designing efficient nanoplatforms that leverage the combined properties of both MNPs and MOFs is of great importance.
In this study, we introduce a simple in-situ synthesis method for a mesopore core-shell nanocomposite structure of MOF@Cu-ferrite. Initially, Cu-ferrite nanoparticles were synthesized using a hydrothermal method. Subsequently, the addition of fumaric acid to the Cu-ferrite nanoparticles activated the F0 component, inducing MOF nucleation. As a result, the Cu-ferrite core was gradually covered with a crystalline MOF shell, forming the MOF@Cu-ferrite structure. The MOF@Cu-ferrite nanocomposite is characterized by high porosity, numerous accessible surface functional sites, good crystalline stability, low toxicity of copper, excellent water dispersion, high magnetic properties, and cost-effectiveness. This study investigates the effect of the MOF@Cu-ferrite nanocomposite on the MRI signal intensity. T2-weighted images were obtained using MRI scanner at various iron concentrations of the magnetic nanocomposite, showing a significant change in signal intensity with increasing iron concentration. The transverse relaxivity rate (r2) for different iron concentrations was found to be 504.7 mM^-1s^-1. The results showed that Cu-ferrite magnetic nanoparticles coated with MOF have significant potential as negative contrast agents in MRI, reducing T2 relaxation time and improve contrast intensity in MR images.

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The date palm fruit stalk borer is one of the most important pests of date palm in the world. Biochemical properties of digestive proteases in Oryctes elegans Prell larvae were investigated in this research and optimal total proteolytic and trypsin activities were obtained at pH 9.0 and 11.0, respectively. Activity staining of protease on SDS-PAGE showed one isoform. Also, zymogram pattern of trypsin using nitro-cellulose membrane revealed two isoforms. The inhibitory effect of PMSF, TLCK, TPCK, EDTA, iodoacetate and iodoacetamide were determined on O. elegans proteolytic activity. The iodoacetamide showed the highest inhibition on total proteolytic activity. Therefore, cysteine protease accounted for the major proteases in the gut of O. elegans. Total proteolytic activity was inhibited 22.3 and 12.15% by inhibitors extracted from Vicia faba and Lathyrus sativus, respectively. However, the inhibitors extracted from seeds of Prosopis farcta, Panecum miliaceum, and Alhagi maurorum showed negligible inhibitory effects on proteolytic activities. Trypsin activity was inhibited 91.5 and 82.3% by inhibitors extracted from V. faba and L. sativus, respectively. Electrophoretic analysis showed that inhibitors extracted from V. faba reduced the intensity of total proteolytic and trypsin activities. The inhibitor from V. faba was purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation and gel-filtration, also the molecular mass of inhibitor was determined 35 kDa. This purified inhibitor was able to inhibit trypsin activity by 72.7%. In addition, the highest inhibition of trypsin activity by inhibitor from V. faba occurred at pH 11.0. Also, the stability of inhibitor from V. faba was evaluated at different pHs and temperatures. This inhibitor was stable at pH 11.0 and 30 °C.

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Biodegradable edible coatings, their enrichment with essential oils and their use on the surface of fruits are influential approaches that can reduce the problems of post-harvest management, thereby maintaining the quality of the produce. In this study, different concentrations of Arabic gum (0, 6 and 8% w/v) were used in combination with different concentrations of Shirazi thyme essential oil (0, 0.3 and 0.5% w/v), and their effects were measured with respect to various qualitative characteristics of fresh pistachio nuts which were evaluated for a period of 36 days under conditions of storage at a temperature of 3 ± 1°C. The results showed that the growth of mold and yeast and the growth of aerobic bacteria on the samples were significantly less than in other samples when using the 6% Arabic gum concentration enriched with the essential oil of Shirazi thyme at 0.3 and 0.5%. Also, adding the essential oil of Shirazi thyme (at 0.3 and 0.5%) to the formulation of Arabic gum (6%) managed to reduce the occurrence of water loss from the fresh pistacia and significantly reduced the weight loss from the samples. The addition of essential oil to the Arabic gum coating contributed significantly to the preservation of carbohydrates, chlorophylls, phenolic compounds, and antioxidants in the kernels of the fresh pistachios. Therefore, the use of edible coatings of 6% Arabic gum containing Shirazi thyme essential oil (at 0.3 and 0.5%) can maintain the quality and increase the shelf life of fresh pistachio.

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Softening, enzymatic browning and microbial activity are the most common problems of pomegranate arils during storage. In order to improve these problems, postharvest treatments of nitric oxide and cold storage were studied on pomegranate arils. Therefore, In order to evaluate the effect of temperature and different concentrations of nitric oxide on pomegranate arils, a factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design with three replications. In this study, nitric oxide was used at concentrations of 0, 5 and 10 µM/L as liquid solutions. The arils were dipped in solution for fifteen seconds and were packed by polyethylene containers after drying at room temperature. They were stored at cold temperatures (2, 4 and 8°C). The qualitative, quantitative and biochemical parameters were measured on days 0, 7, 14 and 21 of the storage period. The ANOVA results showed that the different concentrations of nitric oxide and storage temperatures caused significant differences among most of the evaluated parameters. The exposure of arils to nitric oxide at concentration of 10 µM/L and storage at 8°C caused them lower 50% weight loss and less 21% ion leakage, as well as higher marketability, anthocyanin content, total phenolic and antioxidant activity compared to arils of the control group storage at 2°C after 21 days. In general, arils treated with 10 µM/L of nitric oxide at 8°C showed the best apparent quality and storage life of pomegranate arils.    
 

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In this study, accumulation of H₂O₂, malondialdehyde (MDA) (as cold-induced oxidative stress indicators), the transcript levels of dehydrin and beta-glucosidase genes (involved in metabolic responses) was evaluated in chickpea cv. Jam, using qRT-PCR during control, cold acclimation (CA), cold stress (CS), recovery, and freezing phases. Results showed the existence of wide range of genetic capacity in the cultivar to increase cold tolerance when environmental conditions change. Significant increase in H₂O₂ and MDA content during CA phase indicated that seedlings perceived cold signaling that resulted in remarkable increase in the transcript levels of dehydrin and beta-glucosidase genes as part of defense responses of plants. Balancing the expression of these genes and oxidative stress indicators showed the interplay between two major defense and injury pathways. During freezing phase, the higher transcript levels of these genes in acclimated plants compared to non-acclimated plants showed a more active role for plant cells. An incapability of defense machine in non-acclimated plants was a limiting factor determining the low potential of chickpea plants to freezing phase. It was suggested that adjustment and metabolic alterations like dehydrin and beta-glucosidase genes, especially after CA phase and, thereby, decrease in oxidative stress indicators, could be a reason for relative cold tolerance in chickpea.